Google (Alphabet Inc.)

Cloud Provider

Legal name: Alphabet Inc. · HQ: US · Public (GOOGL) · Founded 1998

Cloud and AI infrastructure operator. Operates the largest fleet of custom AI accelerators (TPUs) and published some of the first carbon accounting for AI training workloads. Total energy consumption has grown substantially with AI workload expansion.

Disclosure Quality

Score

62/100

Transparency Grade

T-2

good disclosure, gaps remain

Grades run T-1 (most transparent) to T-5 (least transparent).

Red flags identified (1)

  • RF-04 · AI-specific energy use not disclosed

See the disclosure audit below for details.

Fiscal year 2023. Score computed from OpenButterfly T1–T6 disclosure framework audit. Confidence tier: C (Estimated, Documented Method).

Environmental Metrics

Fiscal year 2024. Each metric is shown at its most recent available year; rows from a different year are marked.

Confidence tiers: A measured and verified · B company-reported · C documented estimate · D uncertain estimate · E modeled · ND not disclosed.

Total Energy Consumption

32.5 TWh

≈ the annual electricity use of 3.1 million US homes

method: known_capacity_model

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

C

AI-Specific EnergyFY 2023

Not DisclosedNDchecked 2025-05-23

Google does not separately disclose energy attributable to AI workloads.

ND

Scope 1 Emissions

73 kt CO₂e

≈ the annual emissions of 16,000 passenger cars

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

B

Scope 2 Emissions (location-based)FY 2023

8.26 Mt CO₂e

≈ the annual emissions of 1.8 million passenger cars

Location-based Scope 2 GHG emissions.

Source: Google 2023 Environmental Report

B

Scope 2 Emissions (market-based)

3.06 Mt CO₂e

≈ the annual emissions of 665,000 passenger cars

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

B

Scope 3 Emissions

18.09 Mt CO₂e

≈ the annual emissions of 3.9 million passenger cars

method: scope3_ratio_model

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

E

Water Withdrawal

44.7 GL

≈ 18,000 Olympic swimming pools of water

method: wue_model

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

D

Property-Line Noise (estimated)FY 2026

~56.2 dBA at property line

method: cooling_load_noise_model

Source: OpenButterfly pipeline

E

Disclosure Audit

Show 6 disclosure checks (T1–T6 framework)
T1.1

Total electricity consumption disclosed

Google discloses 24,337 GWh total consumption.

Fully Disclosed
T1.2

AI-specific energy consumption disclosed

AI workload energy not separately reported.

RF-04 (AI-specific energy use not disclosed)

Not Disclosed
T2.1

Scope 1 GHG emissions disclosed

Scope 1 included in aggregate; not separately itemised in summary data.

Partial
T2.2

Scope 2 location-based emissions disclosed

8,256,929 tCO2e disclosed.

Fully Disclosed
T3.1

Total water withdrawal disclosed

21,183 ML disclosed.

Fully Disclosed
T6.1

GHG accounting methodology documented

GHG Protocol Corporate Standard referenced. Third-party verification noted.

Fully Disclosed

Sources

← All entity profiles